Herbal medicine has always been part of Filipino culture, from hilot traditions to backyard remedies passed down through generations. The Department of Health (DOH) recognizes this and has formally approved 10 specific herbal medicines as safe and effective for certain health conditions. These plants are not random folk cures; they are backed by scientific studies conducted in the Philippines and validated for their medicinal properties.
- 🌱 Lagundi (Vitex negundo)
- 🌿 Sambong (Blumea balsamifera)
- 🌿 Ampalaya (Momordica charantia)
- 🌿 Bayabas (Psidium guajava)
- 🌿 Tsaang Gubat (Carmona retusa)
- 🌿 Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica)
- 🌿 Akapulko (Cassia alata)
- 🌿 Ulasimang Bato (Peperomia pellucida)
- 🌿 Yerba Buena (Clinopodium douglasii)
- 🌿 Bawang (Allium sativum)
- 📋 Summary Table: DOH-Approved Herbal Medicines
- ❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
- ✨ Balancing Tradition and Science in Filipino Health
For many Filipinos who cannot afford costly pharmaceuticals, these herbal alternatives offer affordable, accessible, and culturally accepted solutions to common health problems. But what exactly are these 10 approved herbal medicines, and how can families use them responsibly? Let’s go through each one carefully.
🌱 Lagundi (Vitex negundo)
Lagundi is perhaps the most famous among DOH-approved herbal medicines. Known locally as the five-leaf chaste tree, lagundi is widely used as a natural remedy for cough, asthma, and other respiratory issues. The DOH endorses lagundi as an expectorant and bronchodilator, meaning it helps loosen phlegm and relax the airways for easier breathing.
Studies show lagundi contains natural compounds like chrysoplenol D, which exhibit anti-inflammatory and muscle-relaxing properties. This makes it a popular alternative to synthetic cough syrups, especially for children. The DOH has even developed lagundi-based syrups available in pharmacies nationwide.
Still, while lagundi is effective for mild to moderate respiratory conditions, it should not replace prescribed medications for severe asthma or pneumonia. Filipinos are encouraged to use lagundi responsibly and consult doctors when symptoms persist.
🌿 Sambong (Blumea balsamifera)
Sambong is a well-known diuretic and anti-urolithiasis agent, meaning it helps increase urine production and aids in dissolving kidney stones. Traditionally, it has been used for hypertension, cough, and colds, but DOH studies emphasize its value in managing urinary tract conditions.
Its leaves are usually boiled to create a decoction, consumed as tea. Some pharmaceutical versions are available as tablets or capsules. Sambong also has mild anti-hypertensive effects, which help reduce fluid retention in the body.
However, it is not a cure-all. Those with chronic kidney disease should be cautious, as overuse could strain already weak kidneys. Sambong is most effective as a preventive measure for kidney stones, rather than as a primary treatment for advanced kidney problems.
🌿 Ampalaya (Momordica charantia)
Known as bitter melon or ampalaya, this plant is both a vegetable and a medicinal herb. The DOH endorses it for helping manage Type 2 diabetes mellitus, as studies show it contains compounds like charantin and polypeptide-p, which mimic insulin’s effect in lowering blood sugar.
Many Filipinos drink ampalaya tea or consume capsules as an adjunct therapy to control glucose levels. Ampalaya is also rich in vitamins A, C, and iron, boosting immunity and overall health.
That said, ampalaya is not a replacement for insulin or prescribed diabetes medication. It works best as a complementary therapy under medical supervision. Pregnant women are advised to avoid excessive ampalaya consumption due to possible effects on the uterus.
🌿 Bayabas (Psidium guajava)
Bayabas, or guava, is one of the most accessible herbal medicines in the Philippines. The DOH highlights its leaves as an effective antiseptic and anti-inflammatory agent, primarily for treating wounds, skin infections, and mouth sores.
Filipinos traditionally boil bayabas leaves for use as a wash or gargle. Its natural antibacterial compounds make it useful for oral hygiene, helping fight gum disease and sore throat. Guava leaf decoction is also used for diarrhea, given its antimicrobial properties.
Because it’s readily available in most backyards, bayabas remains one of the most practical and reliable herbal medicines for everyday health issues. Still, severe infections require medical treatment, and guava remedies should only serve as first aid.
🌿 Tsaang Gubat (Carmona retusa)
Tsaang gubat, literally “forest tea,” is endorsed by the DOH as a treatment for gastrointestinal problems such as diarrhea, stomachache, and dysentery. Its leaves are brewed into tea, which has tannins that provide anti-inflammatory and antibacterial effects.
Traditionally, Filipinos use it as a general health tea. But scientific validation has confirmed its use particularly for stomach and intestinal issues. Some studies also suggest it has potential in managing skin allergies and as a mouth rinse.
While safe for most people, excessive intake may cause constipation or stomach upset. As with all herbal medicines, moderation and proper preparation are key to maximizing benefits.
🌿 Niyog-niyogan (Quisqualis indica)
Niyog-niyogan, also called Chinese honeysuckle, is recognized by the DOH as an anthelmintic, effective against intestinal worms, particularly roundworms and whipworms. Its seeds, when properly prepared, are taken to expel parasites from the digestive system.
For children, niyog-niyogan offers a natural alternative to deworming tablets. However, dosage is crucial, as consuming too many seeds can cause side effects such as nausea or vomiting.
The DOH stresses that niyog-niyogan should only be used under proper guidance, and parents should never self-medicate children without consulting health workers.
🌿 Akapulko (Cassia alata)
Also called ringworm bush or akapulko, this plant is a fungicidal agent endorsed by the DOH for skin conditions like ringworm, athlete’s foot, and eczema. The leaves contain chrysophanic acid, which kills fungi and relieves itching.
Traditionally, crushed leaves are applied directly to affected skin areas, but commercial preparations like ointments are also available. Akapulko is considered a safe, low-cost treatment for common fungal infections in tropical climates like the Philippines.
That said, persistent or severe infections may need stronger antifungal medicines. Akapulko is best for mild to moderate cases and is a good first-line home remedy.
🌿 Ulasimang Bato (Peperomia pellucida)
Ulasimang bato, or pansit-pansitan, is endorsed by the DOH for its anti-gout properties. It contains natural analgesics and anti-inflammatory compounds that help lower uric acid levels, making it useful for gouty arthritis.
Often eaten fresh as a salad or brewed into tea, ulasimang bato has been scientifically proven to relieve joint pain and inflammation. Some commercial preparations are also available in capsule form.
As with all herbal medicines, it works best as adjunct therapy. Patients with chronic gout still need regular medical management, but ulasimang bato provides an accessible, natural option to complement treatment.
🌿 Yerba Buena (Clinopodium douglasii)
Yerba buena, or peppermint, is valued for its analgesic properties. The DOH recognizes it as a natural pain reliever for headaches, toothaches, and stomachaches. Its menthol content produces a cooling effect that helps ease discomfort.
Traditionally, yerba buena is brewed into tea, but it can also be applied as a compress or used in ointments. Many households keep it as a natural “first aid” herb for minor pains.
While it provides temporary relief, it should not be relied upon for chronic pain conditions. Medical consultation is still necessary for persistent pain.
🌿 Bawang (Allium sativum)
Last but not least, bawang, or garlic, is recognized by the DOH for its cholesterol-lowering and antihypertensive properties. Garlic contains allicin, a compound known for reducing blood pressure and cholesterol levels.
Many Filipinos use bawang both as food and medicine, incorporating it into daily meals for long-term cardiovascular health. Supplements in capsule form are also widely available.
However, while bawang is helpful for mild hypertension, it is not a substitute for prescribed medication. Its best role is as part of a heart-healthy lifestyle that includes diet, exercise, and medical monitoring.
📋 Summary Table: DOH-Approved Herbal Medicines
| Herbal Medicine | Scientific Name | Primary Use | Preparation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Lagundi | Vitex negundo | Cough, asthma, bronchitis | Syrup, decoction |
| Sambong | Blumea balsamifera | Kidney stones, diuretic | Tea, tablets |
| Ampalaya | Momordica charantia | Diabetes management | Tea, capsules |
| Bayabas | Psidium guajava | Wound cleaning, mouthwash | Decoction, wash |
| Tsaang Gubat | Carmona retusa | Diarrhea, stomachache | Tea |
| Niyog-niyogan | Quisqualis indica | Intestinal worms | Seeds |
| Akapulko | Cassia alata | Fungal infections | Topical |
| Ulasimang Bato | Peperomia pellucida | Gout, arthritis | Fresh, tea |
| Yerba Buena | Clinopodium douglasii | Pain relief | Tea, compress |
| Bawang | Allium sativum | Hypertension, cholesterol control | Food, capsules |
❓ Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)
Q1: Are DOH-approved herbal medicines safe for everyone?
Yes, they are generally safe when used properly. However, pregnant women, children, and individuals with chronic conditions should consult a doctor before use.
Q2: Can herbal medicines replace prescription drugs?
No. They work best as complementary remedies. Serious conditions like diabetes or hypertension still require medical supervision.
Q3: Where can I buy DOH-approved herbal medicines?
They are available in pharmacies, health centers, and sometimes in commercial capsule or tea forms. Backyard preparation is possible if the plants are properly identified and used.
Q4: Do these herbal medicines have side effects?
Yes, if taken in excessive amounts or improperly prepared. For example, niyog-niyogan seeds can cause nausea if overdosed.
Q5: How does the DOH evaluate herbal medicines?
Through scientific studies conducted by institutions like the Philippine Institute of Traditional and Alternative Health Care (PITAHC), which tests for safety and effectiveness.
Q6: Can I combine multiple herbal medicines?
It depends. Some combinations are harmless, but others may interact negatively. Always consult a healthcare professional before mixing remedies.
Q7: Are herbal medicines cheaper than pharmaceuticals?
Generally yes. Many herbal medicines can be grown at home, making them cost-effective compared to branded drugs.
Q8: Are these herbal medicines covered by PhilHealth?
Not directly, but some government health centers provide them as part of community health programs.
✨ Balancing Tradition and Science in Filipino Health
The DOH-approved herbal medicines represent a bridge between traditional Filipino healing practices and modern scientific validation. They prove that our rich natural resources can provide effective solutions to everyday health issues when studied and applied responsibly.
However, it’s vital to remember that herbal remedies are not cure-alls. While they provide relief and support for common conditions, they cannot replace the precision and necessity of modern medicine for serious illnesses. Filipinos must learn to balance appreciation of traditional remedies with awareness of their limitations.
At the same time, the accessibility of these herbal options empowers families, especially those in rural areas, to take charge of their health. By growing, preparing, and using these plants wisely, communities can reduce reliance on costly pharmaceuticals.
Ultimately, the key is education and responsible use. Herbal medicines should not be romanticized as miracle cures, nor dismissed as superstition. They are tools — valuable when used correctly, but potentially harmful when misused. The DOH’s endorsement of these 10 herbs gives Filipinos both assurance and accountability: assurance that these plants work, and accountability to use them properly.
For the Filipino family, the challenge and opportunity lie in knowing when to turn to the backyard garden and when to seek the doctor’s clinic. In that balance, we find not just wellness, but wisdom.
